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Présidentielle 2026 : La Cour constitutionnelle demande au Parlement de modifier des dispositions du code électoral 

5 janvier 2024
962 635 2 minutes de lecture

La Cour constitutionnelle du Bénin a rendu, jeudi 4 janvier 2024, une décision concernant les parrainages pour l’élection présidentielle de 2026. La haute juridiction a recommandé la modification de certaines dispositions du code électoral, afin de remédier à un dysfonctionnement institutionnel qui pourrait porter atteinte à l’égalité des candidats.

Le recours qui a été déposé devant la Cour constitutionnelle a été introduit par M. Codjo Gbeho, un citoyen béninois. Il a soulevé une série de difficultés liées au calendrier des élections législatives et communales, qui sont organisées en même temps que l’élection présidentielle.

En effet, les élections législatives et communales sont prévues le dimanche 11 janvier 2026. Les députés élus entrent en fonction et sont installés le dimanche 8 février 2026. Les conseils communaux élus entrent en fonction et sont installés entre le dimanche 1er et le dimanche 15 février 2026. L’élection présidentielle, quant à elle, est prévue le dimanche 12 avril 2026.

Or, l’article 132 du Code électoral dispose que les candidats à l’élection présidentielle doivent être parrainés par un nombre de députés et/ou maires correspondant à au moins 10% de l’ensemble des députés et maires.

  1. Gbeho a fait valoir que, compte tenu du calendrier électoral, les députés élus le 11 janvier 2026 ne pourront pas parrainer les candidats à l’élection présidentielle, car le dépôt des candidatures doit intervenir le jeudi 5 février 2026.

Il a également fait valoir que les maires élus le 11 janvier 2026 ne pourront pas parrainer les candidats à l’élection présidentielle, car seuls les maires installés pourront le faire. Or, les maires des communes qui ne seront pas installés le 5 février 2026 ne pourront donc pas parrainer les candidats.

Cette situation, selon M. Gbeho, crée un dysfonctionnement institutionnel qui porte atteinte à l’égalité des candidats, car elle pénalise les candidats qui ne sont pas soutenus par des partis politiques déjà implantés au niveau national.

Recommandations de la Cour :

Dans sa décision, la Cour constitutionnelle a suivi les recommandations du conseiller-rapporteur, qui a proposé de modifier les dispositions du code électoral pour remédier au dysfonctionnement institutionnel soulevé par M. Gbeho.

La Cour a donc recommandé à l’Assemblée nationale de modifier le code électoral pour :

Rétablir le droit à tous les maires de parrainer les candidats à la présidentielle de 2026 ;Rendre conforme les dispositions des articles 142 alinéa 6 du Code électoral à l’article 44 de la Constitution.

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5 janvier 2024
962 635 2 minutes de lecture

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